4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
5 * Copyright (C) 2001 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> SuSE
8 #include <linux/init.h>
10 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
11 #include <linux/slab.h>
12 #include <linux/kmod.h>
13 #include <linux/major.h>
14 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
15 #include <linux/device_cgroup.h>
16 #include <linux/highmem.h>
17 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/blkpg.h>
20 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
21 #include <linux/writeback.h>
22 #include <linux/mpage.h>
23 #include <linux/mount.h>
24 #include <linux/uio.h>
25 #include <linux/namei.h>
26 #include <linux/log2.h>
27 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
31 struct block_device bdev;
32 struct inode vfs_inode;
35 static const struct address_space_operations def_blk_aops;
37 static inline struct bdev_inode *BDEV_I(struct inode *inode)
39 return container_of(inode, struct bdev_inode, vfs_inode);
42 inline struct block_device *I_BDEV(struct inode *inode)
44 return &BDEV_I(inode)->bdev;
47 EXPORT_SYMBOL(I_BDEV);
49 static sector_t max_block(struct block_device *bdev)
51 sector_t retval = ~((sector_t)0);
52 loff_t sz = i_size_read(bdev->bd_inode);
55 unsigned int size = block_size(bdev);
56 unsigned int sizebits = blksize_bits(size);
57 retval = (sz >> sizebits);
62 /* Kill _all_ buffers and pagecache , dirty or not.. */
63 static void kill_bdev(struct block_device *bdev)
65 if (bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping->nrpages == 0)
68 truncate_inode_pages(bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping, 0);
71 int set_blocksize(struct block_device *bdev, int size)
73 /* Size must be a power of two, and between 512 and PAGE_SIZE */
74 if (size > PAGE_SIZE || size < 512 || !is_power_of_2(size))
77 /* Size cannot be smaller than the size supported by the device */
78 if (size < bdev_hardsect_size(bdev))
81 /* Don't change the size if it is same as current */
82 if (bdev->bd_block_size != size) {
84 bdev->bd_block_size = size;
85 bdev->bd_inode->i_blkbits = blksize_bits(size);
91 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_blocksize);
93 int sb_set_blocksize(struct super_block *sb, int size)
95 if (set_blocksize(sb->s_bdev, size))
97 /* If we get here, we know size is power of two
98 * and it's value is between 512 and PAGE_SIZE */
99 sb->s_blocksize = size;
100 sb->s_blocksize_bits = blksize_bits(size);
101 return sb->s_blocksize;
104 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sb_set_blocksize);
106 int sb_min_blocksize(struct super_block *sb, int size)
108 int minsize = bdev_hardsect_size(sb->s_bdev);
111 return sb_set_blocksize(sb, size);
114 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sb_min_blocksize);
117 blkdev_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
118 struct buffer_head *bh, int create)
120 if (iblock >= max_block(I_BDEV(inode))) {
125 * for reads, we're just trying to fill a partial page.
126 * return a hole, they will have to call get_block again
127 * before they can fill it, and they will get -EIO at that
132 bh->b_bdev = I_BDEV(inode);
133 bh->b_blocknr = iblock;
134 set_buffer_mapped(bh);
139 blkdev_get_blocks(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
140 struct buffer_head *bh, int create)
142 sector_t end_block = max_block(I_BDEV(inode));
143 unsigned long max_blocks = bh->b_size >> inode->i_blkbits;
145 if ((iblock + max_blocks) > end_block) {
146 max_blocks = end_block - iblock;
147 if ((long)max_blocks <= 0) {
149 return -EIO; /* write fully beyond EOF */
151 * It is a read which is fully beyond EOF. We return
152 * a !buffer_mapped buffer
158 bh->b_bdev = I_BDEV(inode);
159 bh->b_blocknr = iblock;
160 bh->b_size = max_blocks << inode->i_blkbits;
162 set_buffer_mapped(bh);
167 blkdev_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
168 loff_t offset, unsigned long nr_segs)
170 struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
171 struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
173 return blockdev_direct_IO_no_locking(rw, iocb, inode, I_BDEV(inode),
174 iov, offset, nr_segs, blkdev_get_blocks, NULL);
177 static int blkdev_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
179 return block_write_full_page(page, blkdev_get_block, wbc);
182 static int blkdev_readpage(struct file * file, struct page * page)
184 return block_read_full_page(page, blkdev_get_block);
187 static int blkdev_write_begin(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
188 loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned flags,
189 struct page **pagep, void **fsdata)
192 return block_write_begin(file, mapping, pos, len, flags, pagep, fsdata,
196 static int blkdev_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
197 loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied,
198 struct page *page, void *fsdata)
201 ret = block_write_end(file, mapping, pos, len, copied, page, fsdata);
204 page_cache_release(page);
211 * for a block special file file->f_path.dentry->d_inode->i_size is zero
212 * so we compute the size by hand (just as in block_read/write above)
214 static loff_t block_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int origin)
216 struct inode *bd_inode = file->f_mapping->host;
220 mutex_lock(&bd_inode->i_mutex);
221 size = i_size_read(bd_inode);
228 offset += file->f_pos;
231 if (offset >= 0 && offset <= size) {
232 if (offset != file->f_pos) {
233 file->f_pos = offset;
237 mutex_unlock(&bd_inode->i_mutex);
242 * Filp is never NULL; the only case when ->fsync() is called with
243 * NULL first argument is nfsd_sync_dir() and that's not a directory.
246 static int block_fsync(struct file *filp, struct dentry *dentry, int datasync)
248 return sync_blockdev(I_BDEV(filp->f_mapping->host));
255 static __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(bdev_lock);
256 static struct kmem_cache * bdev_cachep __read_mostly;
258 static struct inode *bdev_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
260 struct bdev_inode *ei = kmem_cache_alloc(bdev_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
263 return &ei->vfs_inode;
266 static void bdev_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
268 struct bdev_inode *bdi = BDEV_I(inode);
270 bdi->bdev.bd_inode_backing_dev_info = NULL;
271 kmem_cache_free(bdev_cachep, bdi);
274 static void init_once(void *foo)
276 struct bdev_inode *ei = (struct bdev_inode *) foo;
277 struct block_device *bdev = &ei->bdev;
279 memset(bdev, 0, sizeof(*bdev));
280 mutex_init(&bdev->bd_mutex);
281 sema_init(&bdev->bd_mount_sem, 1);
282 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->bd_inodes);
283 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->bd_list);
285 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->bd_holder_list);
287 inode_init_once(&ei->vfs_inode);
290 static inline void __bd_forget(struct inode *inode)
292 list_del_init(&inode->i_devices);
293 inode->i_bdev = NULL;
294 inode->i_mapping = &inode->i_data;
297 static void bdev_clear_inode(struct inode *inode)
299 struct block_device *bdev = &BDEV_I(inode)->bdev;
301 spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
302 while ( (p = bdev->bd_inodes.next) != &bdev->bd_inodes ) {
303 __bd_forget(list_entry(p, struct inode, i_devices));
305 list_del_init(&bdev->bd_list);
306 spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
309 static const struct super_operations bdev_sops = {
310 .statfs = simple_statfs,
311 .alloc_inode = bdev_alloc_inode,
312 .destroy_inode = bdev_destroy_inode,
313 .drop_inode = generic_delete_inode,
314 .clear_inode = bdev_clear_inode,
317 static int bd_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
318 int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
320 return get_sb_pseudo(fs_type, "bdev:", &bdev_sops, 0x62646576, mnt);
323 static struct file_system_type bd_type = {
326 .kill_sb = kill_anon_super,
329 struct super_block *blockdev_superblock __read_mostly;
331 void __init bdev_cache_init(void)
334 struct vfsmount *bd_mnt;
336 bdev_cachep = kmem_cache_create("bdev_cache", sizeof(struct bdev_inode),
337 0, (SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|
338 SLAB_MEM_SPREAD|SLAB_PANIC),
340 err = register_filesystem(&bd_type);
342 panic("Cannot register bdev pseudo-fs");
343 bd_mnt = kern_mount(&bd_type);
345 panic("Cannot create bdev pseudo-fs");
346 blockdev_superblock = bd_mnt->mnt_sb; /* For writeback */
350 * Most likely _very_ bad one - but then it's hardly critical for small
351 * /dev and can be fixed when somebody will need really large one.
352 * Keep in mind that it will be fed through icache hash function too.
354 static inline unsigned long hash(dev_t dev)
356 return MAJOR(dev)+MINOR(dev);
359 static int bdev_test(struct inode *inode, void *data)
361 return BDEV_I(inode)->bdev.bd_dev == *(dev_t *)data;
364 static int bdev_set(struct inode *inode, void *data)
366 BDEV_I(inode)->bdev.bd_dev = *(dev_t *)data;
370 static LIST_HEAD(all_bdevs);
372 struct block_device *bdget(dev_t dev)
374 struct block_device *bdev;
377 inode = iget5_locked(blockdev_superblock, hash(dev),
378 bdev_test, bdev_set, &dev);
383 bdev = &BDEV_I(inode)->bdev;
385 if (inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
386 bdev->bd_contains = NULL;
387 bdev->bd_inode = inode;
388 bdev->bd_block_size = (1 << inode->i_blkbits);
389 bdev->bd_part_count = 0;
390 bdev->bd_invalidated = 0;
391 inode->i_mode = S_IFBLK;
393 inode->i_bdev = bdev;
394 inode->i_data.a_ops = &def_blk_aops;
395 mapping_set_gfp_mask(&inode->i_data, GFP_USER);
396 inode->i_data.backing_dev_info = &default_backing_dev_info;
397 spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
398 list_add(&bdev->bd_list, &all_bdevs);
399 spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
400 unlock_new_inode(inode);
405 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdget);
407 long nr_blockdev_pages(void)
409 struct block_device *bdev;
411 spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
412 list_for_each_entry(bdev, &all_bdevs, bd_list) {
413 ret += bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping->nrpages;
415 spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
419 void bdput(struct block_device *bdev)
421 iput(bdev->bd_inode);
424 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdput);
426 static struct block_device *bd_acquire(struct inode *inode)
428 struct block_device *bdev;
430 spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
431 bdev = inode->i_bdev;
433 atomic_inc(&bdev->bd_inode->i_count);
434 spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
437 spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
439 bdev = bdget(inode->i_rdev);
441 spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
442 if (!inode->i_bdev) {
444 * We take an additional bd_inode->i_count for inode,
445 * and it's released in clear_inode() of inode.
446 * So, we can access it via ->i_mapping always
449 atomic_inc(&bdev->bd_inode->i_count);
450 inode->i_bdev = bdev;
451 inode->i_mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
452 list_add(&inode->i_devices, &bdev->bd_inodes);
454 spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
459 /* Call when you free inode */
461 void bd_forget(struct inode *inode)
463 struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
465 spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
467 if (!sb_is_blkdev_sb(inode->i_sb))
468 bdev = inode->i_bdev;
471 spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
474 iput(bdev->bd_inode);
477 int bd_claim(struct block_device *bdev, void *holder)
480 spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
482 /* first decide result */
483 if (bdev->bd_holder == holder)
484 res = 0; /* already a holder */
485 else if (bdev->bd_holder != NULL)
486 res = -EBUSY; /* held by someone else */
487 else if (bdev->bd_contains == bdev)
488 res = 0; /* is a whole device which isn't held */
490 else if (bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder == bd_claim)
491 res = 0; /* is a partition of a device that is being partitioned */
492 else if (bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder != NULL)
493 res = -EBUSY; /* is a partition of a held device */
495 res = 0; /* is a partition of an un-held device */
497 /* now impose change */
499 /* note that for a whole device bd_holders
500 * will be incremented twice, and bd_holder will
501 * be set to bd_claim before being set to holder
503 bdev->bd_contains->bd_holders ++;
504 bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder = bd_claim;
506 bdev->bd_holder = holder;
508 spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
512 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bd_claim);
514 void bd_release(struct block_device *bdev)
516 spin_lock(&bdev_lock);
517 if (!--bdev->bd_contains->bd_holders)
518 bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder = NULL;
519 if (!--bdev->bd_holders)
520 bdev->bd_holder = NULL;
521 spin_unlock(&bdev_lock);
524 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bd_release);
528 * Functions for bd_claim_by_kobject / bd_release_from_kobject
530 * If a kobject is passed to bd_claim_by_kobject()
531 * and the kobject has a parent directory,
532 * following symlinks are created:
533 * o from the kobject to the claimed bdev
534 * o from "holders" directory of the bdev to the parent of the kobject
535 * bd_release_from_kobject() removes these symlinks.
538 * If /dev/dm-0 maps to /dev/sda, kobject corresponding to
539 * /sys/block/dm-0/slaves is passed to bd_claim_by_kobject(), then:
540 * /sys/block/dm-0/slaves/sda --> /sys/block/sda
541 * /sys/block/sda/holders/dm-0 --> /sys/block/dm-0
544 static int add_symlink(struct kobject *from, struct kobject *to)
548 return sysfs_create_link(from, to, kobject_name(to));
551 static void del_symlink(struct kobject *from, struct kobject *to)
555 sysfs_remove_link(from, kobject_name(to));
559 * 'struct bd_holder' contains pointers to kobjects symlinked by
560 * bd_claim_by_kobject.
561 * It's connected to bd_holder_list which is protected by bdev->bd_sem.
564 struct list_head list; /* chain of holders of the bdev */
565 int count; /* references from the holder */
566 struct kobject *sdir; /* holder object, e.g. "/block/dm-0/slaves" */
567 struct kobject *hdev; /* e.g. "/block/dm-0" */
568 struct kobject *hdir; /* e.g. "/block/sda/holders" */
569 struct kobject *sdev; /* e.g. "/block/sda" */
573 * Get references of related kobjects at once.
574 * Returns 1 on success. 0 on failure.
576 * Should call bd_holder_release_dirs() after successful use.
578 static int bd_holder_grab_dirs(struct block_device *bdev,
579 struct bd_holder *bo)
584 bo->sdir = kobject_get(bo->sdir);
588 bo->hdev = kobject_get(bo->sdir->parent);
592 bo->sdev = kobject_get(&part_to_dev(bdev->bd_part)->kobj);
596 bo->hdir = kobject_get(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir);
603 kobject_put(bo->sdev);
605 kobject_put(bo->hdev);
607 kobject_put(bo->sdir);
612 /* Put references of related kobjects at once. */
613 static void bd_holder_release_dirs(struct bd_holder *bo)
615 kobject_put(bo->hdir);
616 kobject_put(bo->sdev);
617 kobject_put(bo->hdev);
618 kobject_put(bo->sdir);
621 static struct bd_holder *alloc_bd_holder(struct kobject *kobj)
623 struct bd_holder *bo;
625 bo = kzalloc(sizeof(*bo), GFP_KERNEL);
635 static void free_bd_holder(struct bd_holder *bo)
641 * find_bd_holder - find matching struct bd_holder from the block device
643 * @bdev: struct block device to be searched
644 * @bo: target struct bd_holder
646 * Returns matching entry with @bo in @bdev->bd_holder_list.
647 * If found, increment the reference count and return the pointer.
648 * If not found, returns NULL.
650 static struct bd_holder *find_bd_holder(struct block_device *bdev,
651 struct bd_holder *bo)
653 struct bd_holder *tmp;
655 list_for_each_entry(tmp, &bdev->bd_holder_list, list)
656 if (tmp->sdir == bo->sdir) {
665 * add_bd_holder - create sysfs symlinks for bd_claim() relationship
667 * @bdev: block device to be bd_claimed
668 * @bo: preallocated and initialized by alloc_bd_holder()
670 * Add @bo to @bdev->bd_holder_list, create symlinks.
672 * Returns 0 if symlinks are created.
673 * Returns -ve if something fails.
675 static int add_bd_holder(struct block_device *bdev, struct bd_holder *bo)
682 if (!bd_holder_grab_dirs(bdev, bo))
685 err = add_symlink(bo->sdir, bo->sdev);
689 err = add_symlink(bo->hdir, bo->hdev);
691 del_symlink(bo->sdir, bo->sdev);
695 list_add_tail(&bo->list, &bdev->bd_holder_list);
700 * del_bd_holder - delete sysfs symlinks for bd_claim() relationship
702 * @bdev: block device to be bd_claimed
703 * @kobj: holder's kobject
705 * If there is matching entry with @kobj in @bdev->bd_holder_list
706 * and no other bd_claim() from the same kobject,
707 * remove the struct bd_holder from the list, delete symlinks for it.
709 * Returns a pointer to the struct bd_holder when it's removed from the list
710 * and ready to be freed.
711 * Returns NULL if matching claim isn't found or there is other bd_claim()
712 * by the same kobject.
714 static struct bd_holder *del_bd_holder(struct block_device *bdev,
715 struct kobject *kobj)
717 struct bd_holder *bo;
719 list_for_each_entry(bo, &bdev->bd_holder_list, list) {
720 if (bo->sdir == kobj) {
722 BUG_ON(bo->count < 0);
725 del_symlink(bo->sdir, bo->sdev);
726 del_symlink(bo->hdir, bo->hdev);
727 bd_holder_release_dirs(bo);
738 * bd_claim_by_kobject - bd_claim() with additional kobject signature
740 * @bdev: block device to be claimed
741 * @holder: holder's signature
742 * @kobj: holder's kobject
744 * Do bd_claim() and if it succeeds, create sysfs symlinks between
745 * the bdev and the holder's kobject.
746 * Use bd_release_from_kobject() when relesing the claimed bdev.
748 * Returns 0 on success. (same as bd_claim())
749 * Returns errno on failure.
751 static int bd_claim_by_kobject(struct block_device *bdev, void *holder,
752 struct kobject *kobj)
755 struct bd_holder *bo, *found;
760 bo = alloc_bd_holder(kobj);
764 mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
766 err = bd_claim(bdev, holder);
770 found = find_bd_holder(bdev, bo);
774 err = add_bd_holder(bdev, bo);
780 mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
786 * bd_release_from_kobject - bd_release() with additional kobject signature
788 * @bdev: block device to be released
789 * @kobj: holder's kobject
791 * Do bd_release() and remove sysfs symlinks created by bd_claim_by_kobject().
793 static void bd_release_from_kobject(struct block_device *bdev,
794 struct kobject *kobj)
799 mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
801 free_bd_holder(del_bd_holder(bdev, kobj));
802 mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
806 * bd_claim_by_disk - wrapper function for bd_claim_by_kobject()
808 * @bdev: block device to be claimed
809 * @holder: holder's signature
810 * @disk: holder's gendisk
812 * Call bd_claim_by_kobject() with getting @disk->slave_dir.
814 int bd_claim_by_disk(struct block_device *bdev, void *holder,
815 struct gendisk *disk)
817 return bd_claim_by_kobject(bdev, holder, kobject_get(disk->slave_dir));
819 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bd_claim_by_disk);
822 * bd_release_from_disk - wrapper function for bd_release_from_kobject()
824 * @bdev: block device to be claimed
825 * @disk: holder's gendisk
827 * Call bd_release_from_kobject() and put @disk->slave_dir.
829 void bd_release_from_disk(struct block_device *bdev, struct gendisk *disk)
831 bd_release_from_kobject(bdev, disk->slave_dir);
832 kobject_put(disk->slave_dir);
834 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bd_release_from_disk);
838 * Tries to open block device by device number. Use it ONLY if you
839 * really do not have anything better - i.e. when you are behind a
840 * truly sucky interface and all you are given is a device number. _Never_
841 * to be used for internal purposes. If you ever need it - reconsider
844 struct block_device *open_by_devnum(dev_t dev, fmode_t mode)
846 struct block_device *bdev = bdget(dev);
849 err = blkdev_get(bdev, mode);
850 return err ? ERR_PTR(err) : bdev;
853 EXPORT_SYMBOL(open_by_devnum);
856 * flush_disk - invalidates all buffer-cache entries on a disk
858 * @bdev: struct block device to be flushed
860 * Invalidates all buffer-cache entries on a disk. It should be called
861 * when a disk has been changed -- either by a media change or online
864 static void flush_disk(struct block_device *bdev)
866 if (__invalidate_device(bdev)) {
867 char name[BDEVNAME_SIZE] = "";
870 disk_name(bdev->bd_disk, 0, name);
871 printk(KERN_WARNING "VFS: busy inodes on changed media or "
872 "resized disk %s\n", name);
877 if (disk_partitionable(bdev->bd_disk))
878 bdev->bd_invalidated = 1;
882 * check_disk_size_change - checks for disk size change and adjusts bdev size.
883 * @disk: struct gendisk to check
884 * @bdev: struct bdev to adjust.
886 * This routine checks to see if the bdev size does not match the disk size
887 * and adjusts it if it differs.
889 void check_disk_size_change(struct gendisk *disk, struct block_device *bdev)
891 loff_t disk_size, bdev_size;
893 disk_size = (loff_t)get_capacity(disk) << 9;
894 bdev_size = i_size_read(bdev->bd_inode);
895 if (disk_size != bdev_size) {
896 char name[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
898 disk_name(disk, 0, name);
900 "%s: detected capacity change from %lld to %lld\n",
901 name, bdev_size, disk_size);
902 i_size_write(bdev->bd_inode, disk_size);
906 EXPORT_SYMBOL(check_disk_size_change);
909 * revalidate_disk - wrapper for lower-level driver's revalidate_disk call-back
910 * @disk: struct gendisk to be revalidated
912 * This routine is a wrapper for lower-level driver's revalidate_disk
913 * call-backs. It is used to do common pre and post operations needed
914 * for all revalidate_disk operations.
916 int revalidate_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
918 struct block_device *bdev;
921 if (disk->fops->revalidate_disk)
922 ret = disk->fops->revalidate_disk(disk);
924 bdev = bdget_disk(disk, 0);
928 mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
929 check_disk_size_change(disk, bdev);
930 mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
934 EXPORT_SYMBOL(revalidate_disk);
937 * This routine checks whether a removable media has been changed,
938 * and invalidates all buffer-cache-entries in that case. This
939 * is a relatively slow routine, so we have to try to minimize using
940 * it. Thus it is called only upon a 'mount' or 'open'. This
941 * is the best way of combining speed and utility, I think.
942 * People changing diskettes in the middle of an operation deserve
945 int check_disk_change(struct block_device *bdev)
947 struct gendisk *disk = bdev->bd_disk;
948 struct block_device_operations * bdops = disk->fops;
950 if (!bdops->media_changed)
952 if (!bdops->media_changed(bdev->bd_disk))
956 if (bdops->revalidate_disk)
957 bdops->revalidate_disk(bdev->bd_disk);
961 EXPORT_SYMBOL(check_disk_change);
963 void bd_set_size(struct block_device *bdev, loff_t size)
965 unsigned bsize = bdev_hardsect_size(bdev);
967 bdev->bd_inode->i_size = size;
968 while (bsize < PAGE_CACHE_SIZE) {
973 bdev->bd_block_size = bsize;
974 bdev->bd_inode->i_blkbits = blksize_bits(bsize);
976 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bd_set_size);
978 static int __blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part);
983 * mutex_lock(part->bd_mutex)
984 * mutex_lock_nested(whole->bd_mutex, 1)
987 static int __blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
989 struct gendisk *disk;
994 if (mode & FMODE_READ)
996 if (mode & FMODE_WRITE)
999 * hooks: /n/, see "layering violations".
1001 ret = devcgroup_inode_permission(bdev->bd_inode, perm);
1011 disk = get_gendisk(bdev->bd_dev, &partno);
1013 goto out_unlock_kernel;
1015 mutex_lock_nested(&bdev->bd_mutex, for_part);
1016 if (!bdev->bd_openers) {
1017 bdev->bd_disk = disk;
1018 bdev->bd_contains = bdev;
1020 struct backing_dev_info *bdi;
1023 bdev->bd_part = disk_get_part(disk, partno);
1027 if (disk->fops->open) {
1028 ret = disk->fops->open(bdev, mode);
1029 if (ret == -ERESTARTSYS) {
1030 /* Lost a race with 'disk' being
1031 * deleted, try again.
1034 disk_put_part(bdev->bd_part);
1035 bdev->bd_part = NULL;
1036 module_put(disk->fops->owner);
1038 bdev->bd_disk = NULL;
1039 mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
1045 if (!bdev->bd_openers) {
1046 bd_set_size(bdev,(loff_t)get_capacity(disk)<<9);
1047 bdi = blk_get_backing_dev_info(bdev);
1049 bdi = &default_backing_dev_info;
1050 bdev->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info = bdi;
1052 if (bdev->bd_invalidated)
1053 rescan_partitions(disk, bdev);
1055 struct block_device *whole;
1056 whole = bdget_disk(disk, 0);
1061 ret = __blkdev_get(whole, mode, 1);
1064 bdev->bd_contains = whole;
1065 bdev->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info =
1066 whole->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info;
1067 bdev->bd_part = disk_get_part(disk, partno);
1068 if (!(disk->flags & GENHD_FL_UP) ||
1069 !bdev->bd_part || !bdev->bd_part->nr_sects) {
1073 bd_set_size(bdev, (loff_t)bdev->bd_part->nr_sects << 9);
1077 module_put(disk->fops->owner);
1079 if (bdev->bd_contains == bdev) {
1080 if (bdev->bd_disk->fops->open) {
1081 ret = bdev->bd_disk->fops->open(bdev, mode);
1083 goto out_unlock_bdev;
1085 if (bdev->bd_invalidated)
1086 rescan_partitions(bdev->bd_disk, bdev);
1091 bdev->bd_part_count++;
1092 mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
1097 disk_put_part(bdev->bd_part);
1098 bdev->bd_disk = NULL;
1099 bdev->bd_part = NULL;
1100 bdev->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info = &default_backing_dev_info;
1101 if (bdev != bdev->bd_contains)
1102 __blkdev_put(bdev->bd_contains, mode, 1);
1103 bdev->bd_contains = NULL;
1105 mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
1110 module_put(disk->fops->owner);
1117 int blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode)
1119 return __blkdev_get(bdev, mode, 0);
1121 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_get);
1123 static int blkdev_open(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
1125 struct block_device *bdev;
1129 * Preserve backwards compatibility and allow large file access
1130 * even if userspace doesn't ask for it explicitly. Some mkfs
1131 * binary needs it. We might want to drop this workaround
1132 * during an unstable branch.
1134 filp->f_flags |= O_LARGEFILE;
1136 if (filp->f_flags & O_NDELAY)
1137 filp->f_mode |= FMODE_NDELAY;
1138 if (filp->f_flags & O_EXCL)
1139 filp->f_mode |= FMODE_EXCL;
1140 if ((filp->f_flags & O_ACCMODE) == 3)
1141 filp->f_mode |= FMODE_WRITE_IOCTL;
1143 bdev = bd_acquire(inode);
1147 filp->f_mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
1149 res = blkdev_get(bdev, filp->f_mode);
1153 if (filp->f_mode & FMODE_EXCL) {
1154 res = bd_claim(bdev, filp);
1156 goto out_blkdev_put;
1162 blkdev_put(bdev, filp->f_mode);
1166 static int __blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part)
1169 struct gendisk *disk = bdev->bd_disk;
1170 struct block_device *victim = NULL;
1172 mutex_lock_nested(&bdev->bd_mutex, for_part);
1175 bdev->bd_part_count--;
1177 if (!--bdev->bd_openers) {
1178 sync_blockdev(bdev);
1181 if (bdev->bd_contains == bdev) {
1182 if (disk->fops->release)
1183 ret = disk->fops->release(disk, mode);
1185 if (!bdev->bd_openers) {
1186 struct module *owner = disk->fops->owner;
1190 disk_put_part(bdev->bd_part);
1191 bdev->bd_part = NULL;
1192 bdev->bd_disk = NULL;
1193 bdev->bd_inode->i_data.backing_dev_info = &default_backing_dev_info;
1194 if (bdev != bdev->bd_contains)
1195 victim = bdev->bd_contains;
1196 bdev->bd_contains = NULL;
1199 mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex);
1202 __blkdev_put(victim, mode, 1);
1206 int blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode)
1208 return __blkdev_put(bdev, mode, 0);
1210 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_put);
1212 static int blkdev_close(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
1214 struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(filp->f_mapping->host);
1215 if (bdev->bd_holder == filp)
1217 return blkdev_put(bdev, filp->f_mode);
1220 static long block_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned cmd, unsigned long arg)
1222 struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(file->f_mapping->host);
1223 fmode_t mode = file->f_mode;
1226 * O_NDELAY can be altered using fcntl(.., F_SETFL, ..), so we have
1227 * to updated it before every ioctl.
1229 if (file->f_flags & O_NDELAY)
1230 mode |= FMODE_NDELAY;
1232 mode &= ~FMODE_NDELAY;
1234 return blkdev_ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg);
1238 * Try to release a page associated with block device when the system
1239 * is under memory pressure.
1241 static int blkdev_releasepage(struct page *page, gfp_t wait)
1243 struct super_block *super = BDEV_I(page->mapping->host)->bdev.bd_super;
1245 if (super && super->s_op->bdev_try_to_free_page)
1246 return super->s_op->bdev_try_to_free_page(super, page, wait);
1248 return try_to_free_buffers(page);
1251 static const struct address_space_operations def_blk_aops = {
1252 .readpage = blkdev_readpage,
1253 .writepage = blkdev_writepage,
1254 .sync_page = block_sync_page,
1255 .write_begin = blkdev_write_begin,
1256 .write_end = blkdev_write_end,
1257 .writepages = generic_writepages,
1258 .releasepage = blkdev_releasepage,
1259 .direct_IO = blkdev_direct_IO,
1262 const struct file_operations def_blk_fops = {
1263 .open = blkdev_open,
1264 .release = blkdev_close,
1265 .llseek = block_llseek,
1266 .read = do_sync_read,
1267 .write = do_sync_write,
1268 .aio_read = generic_file_aio_read,
1269 .aio_write = generic_file_aio_write_nolock,
1270 .mmap = generic_file_mmap,
1271 .fsync = block_fsync,
1272 .unlocked_ioctl = block_ioctl,
1273 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
1274 .compat_ioctl = compat_blkdev_ioctl,
1276 .splice_read = generic_file_splice_read,
1277 .splice_write = generic_file_splice_write,
1280 int ioctl_by_bdev(struct block_device *bdev, unsigned cmd, unsigned long arg)
1283 mm_segment_t old_fs = get_fs();
1285 res = blkdev_ioctl(bdev, 0, cmd, arg);
1290 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ioctl_by_bdev);
1293 * lookup_bdev - lookup a struct block_device by name
1294 * @pathname: special file representing the block device
1296 * Get a reference to the blockdevice at @pathname in the current
1297 * namespace if possible and return it. Return ERR_PTR(error)
1300 struct block_device *lookup_bdev(const char *pathname)
1302 struct block_device *bdev;
1303 struct inode *inode;
1307 if (!pathname || !*pathname)
1308 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1310 error = kern_path(pathname, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &path);
1312 return ERR_PTR(error);
1314 inode = path.dentry->d_inode;
1316 if (!S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
1319 if (path.mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NODEV)
1322 bdev = bd_acquire(inode);
1329 bdev = ERR_PTR(error);
1332 EXPORT_SYMBOL(lookup_bdev);
1335 * open_bdev_exclusive - open a block device by name and set it up for use
1337 * @path: special file representing the block device
1338 * @mode: FMODE_... combination to pass be used
1339 * @holder: owner for exclusion
1341 * Open the blockdevice described by the special file at @path, claim it
1344 struct block_device *open_bdev_exclusive(const char *path, fmode_t mode, void *holder)
1346 struct block_device *bdev;
1349 bdev = lookup_bdev(path);
1353 error = blkdev_get(bdev, mode);
1355 return ERR_PTR(error);
1357 if ((mode & FMODE_WRITE) && bdev_read_only(bdev))
1359 error = bd_claim(bdev, holder);
1366 blkdev_put(bdev, mode);
1367 return ERR_PTR(error);
1370 EXPORT_SYMBOL(open_bdev_exclusive);
1373 * close_bdev_exclusive - close a blockdevice opened by open_bdev_exclusive()
1375 * @bdev: blockdevice to close
1376 * @mode: mode, must match that used to open.
1378 * This is the counterpart to open_bdev_exclusive().
1380 void close_bdev_exclusive(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode)
1383 blkdev_put(bdev, mode);
1386 EXPORT_SYMBOL(close_bdev_exclusive);
1388 int __invalidate_device(struct block_device *bdev)
1390 struct super_block *sb = get_super(bdev);
1395 * no need to lock the super, get_super holds the
1396 * read mutex so the filesystem cannot go away
1397 * under us (->put_super runs with the write lock
1400 shrink_dcache_sb(sb);
1401 res = invalidate_inodes(sb);
1404 invalidate_bdev(bdev);
1407 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__invalidate_device);