8 # To see a list of typical targets execute "make help"
9 # More info can be located in ./README
10 # Comments in this file are targeted only to the developer, do not
11 # expect to learn how to build the kernel reading this file.
13 # Do not print "Entering directory ..."
14 MAKEFLAGS += --no-print-directory
16 # We are using a recursive build, so we need to do a little thinking
17 # to get the ordering right.
19 # Most importantly: sub-Makefiles should only ever modify files in
20 # their own directory. If in some directory we have a dependency on
21 # a file in another dir (which doesn't happen often, but it's often
22 # unavoidable when linking the built-in.o targets which finally
23 # turn into vmlinux), we will call a sub make in that other dir, and
24 # after that we are sure that everything which is in that other dir
27 # The only cases where we need to modify files which have global
28 # effects are thus separated out and done before the recursive
29 # descending is started. They are now explicitly listed as the
32 # To put more focus on warnings, be less verbose as default
33 # Use 'make V=1' to see the full commands
36 ifeq ("$(origin V)", "command line")
44 # Call sparse as part of compilation of C files
45 # Use 'make C=1' to enable sparse checking
48 ifeq ("$(origin C)", "command line")
49 KBUILD_CHECKSRC = $(C)
52 ifndef KBUILD_CHECKSRC
56 # Use make M=dir to specify directory of external module to build
57 # Old syntax make ... SUBDIRS=$PWD is still supported
58 # Setting the environment variable KBUILD_EXTMOD take precedence
60 KBUILD_EXTMOD ?= $(SUBDIRS)
63 ifeq ("$(origin M)", "command line")
69 # kbuild supports saving output files in a separate directory.
70 # To locate output files in a separate directory two syntaxes are supported.
71 # In both cases the working directory must be the root of the kernel src.
73 # Use "make O=dir/to/store/output/files/"
75 # 2) Set KBUILD_OUTPUT
76 # Set the environment variable KBUILD_OUTPUT to point to the directory
77 # where the output files shall be placed.
78 # export KBUILD_OUTPUT=dir/to/store/output/files/
81 # The O= assignment takes precedence over the KBUILD_OUTPUT environment
85 # KBUILD_SRC is set on invocation of make in OBJ directory
86 # KBUILD_SRC is not intended to be used by the regular user (for now)
89 # OK, Make called in directory where kernel src resides
90 # Do we want to locate output files in a separate directory?
92 ifeq ("$(origin O)", "command line")
97 # That's our default target when none is given on the command line
101 ifneq ($(KBUILD_OUTPUT),)
102 # Invoke a second make in the output directory, passing relevant variables
103 # check that the output directory actually exists
104 saved-output := $(KBUILD_OUTPUT)
105 KBUILD_OUTPUT := $(shell cd $(KBUILD_OUTPUT) && /bin/pwd)
106 $(if $(KBUILD_OUTPUT),, \
107 $(error output directory "$(saved-output)" does not exist))
109 .PHONY: $(MAKECMDGOALS)
111 $(filter-out _all,$(MAKECMDGOALS)) _all:
112 $(if $(KBUILD_VERBOSE:1=),@)$(MAKE) -C $(KBUILD_OUTPUT) \
113 KBUILD_SRC=$(CURDIR) \
114 KBUILD_EXTMOD="$(KBUILD_EXTMOD)" -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile $@
116 # Leave processing to above invocation of make
118 endif # ifneq ($(KBUILD_OUTPUT),)
119 endif # ifeq ($(KBUILD_SRC),)
121 # We process the rest of the Makefile if this is the final invocation of make
122 ifeq ($(skip-makefile),)
124 # If building an external module we do not care about the all: rule
125 # but instead _all depend on modules
127 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
133 srctree := $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),$(KBUILD_SRC),$(CURDIR))
135 # FIXME - TOPDIR is obsolete, use srctree/objtree
142 export srctree objtree VPATH TOPDIR
145 space := $(nullstring) # end of line
147 # Take the contents of any files called localversion* and the config
148 # variable CONFIG_LOCALVERSION and append them to KERNELRELEASE. Be
149 # careful not to include files twice if building in the source
150 # directory. LOCALVERSION from the command line override all of this
152 localver := $(objtree)/localversion* $(srctree)/localversion*
153 localver := $(sort $(wildcard $(localver)))
154 # skip backup files (containing '~')
155 localver := $(foreach f, $(localver), $(if $(findstring ~, $(f)),,$(f)))
157 LOCALVERSION = $(subst $(space),, \
158 $(shell cat /dev/null $(localver)) \
159 $(patsubst "%",%,$(CONFIG_LOCALVERSION)))
161 KERNELRELEASE=$(VERSION).$(PATCHLEVEL).$(SUBLEVEL)$(EXTRAVERSION)$(LOCALVERSION)
163 # SUBARCH tells the usermode build what the underlying arch is. That is set
164 # first, and if a usermode build is happening, the "ARCH=um" on the command
165 # line overrides the setting of ARCH below. If a native build is happening,
166 # then ARCH is assigned, getting whatever value it gets normally, and
167 # SUBARCH is subsequently ignored.
169 SUBARCH := $(shell uname -m | sed -e s/i.86/i386/ -e s/sun4u/sparc64/ \
170 -e s/arm.*/arm/ -e s/sa110/arm/ \
171 -e s/s390x/s390/ -e s/parisc64/parisc/ )
173 # Cross compiling and selecting different set of gcc/bin-utils
174 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
176 # When performing cross compilation for other architectures ARCH shall be set
177 # to the target architecture. (See arch/* for the possibilities).
178 # ARCH can be set during invocation of make:
180 # Another way is to have ARCH set in the environment.
181 # The default ARCH is the host where make is executed.
183 # CROSS_COMPILE specify the prefix used for all executables used
184 # during compilation. Only gcc and related bin-utils executables
185 # are prefixed with $(CROSS_COMPILE).
186 # CROSS_COMPILE can be set on the command line
187 # make CROSS_COMPILE=ia64-linux-
188 # Alternatively CROSS_COMPILE can be set in the environment.
189 # Default value for CROSS_COMPILE is not to prefix executables
190 # Note: Some architectures assign CROSS_COMPILE in their arch/*/Makefile
195 # Architecture as present in compile.h
196 UTS_MACHINE := $(ARCH)
198 # SHELL used by kbuild
199 CONFIG_SHELL := $(shell if [ -x "$$BASH" ]; then echo $$BASH; \
200 else if [ -x /bin/bash ]; then echo /bin/bash; \
201 else echo sh; fi ; fi)
205 HOSTCFLAGS = -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer
208 # Decide whether to build built-in, modular, or both.
209 # Normally, just do built-in.
214 # If we have only "make modules", don't compile built-in objects.
215 # When we're building modules with modversions, we need to consider
216 # the built-in objects during the descend as well, in order to
217 # make sure the checksums are uptodate before we record them.
219 ifeq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),modules)
220 KBUILD_BUILTIN := $(if $(CONFIG_MODVERSIONS),1)
223 # If we have "make <whatever> modules", compile modules
224 # in addition to whatever we do anyway.
225 # Just "make" or "make all" shall build modules as well
227 ifneq ($(filter all _all modules,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
231 ifeq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),)
235 export KBUILD_MODULES KBUILD_BUILTIN
236 export KBUILD_CHECKSRC KBUILD_SRC KBUILD_EXTMOD
239 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
241 # Normally, we echo the whole command before executing it. By making
242 # that echo $($(quiet)$(cmd)), we now have the possibility to set
243 # $(quiet) to choose other forms of output instead, e.g.
245 # quiet_cmd_cc_o_c = Compiling $(RELDIR)/$@
246 # cmd_cc_o_c = $(CC) $(c_flags) -c -o $@ $<
248 # If $(quiet) is empty, the whole command will be printed.
249 # If it is set to "quiet_", only the short version will be printed.
250 # If it is set to "silent_", nothing wil be printed at all, since
251 # the variable $(silent_cmd_cc_o_c) doesn't exist.
253 # A simple variant is to prefix commands with $(Q) - that's usefull
254 # for commands that shall be hidden in non-verbose mode.
258 # If KBUILD_VERBOSE equals 0 then the above command will be hidden.
259 # If KBUILD_VERBOSE equals 1 then the above command is displayed.
261 ifeq ($(KBUILD_VERBOSE),1)
269 # If the user is running make -s (silent mode), suppress echoing of
272 ifneq ($(findstring s,$(MAKEFLAGS)),)
276 export quiet Q KBUILD_VERBOSE
279 # cc support functions to be used (only) in arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile
280 # See documentation in Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt
283 # Usage: cflags-y += $(call cc-option, -march=winchip-c6, -march=i586)
285 cc-option = $(shell if $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(1) -S -o /dev/null -xc /dev/null \
286 > /dev/null 2>&1; then echo "$(1)"; else echo "$(2)"; fi ;)
288 # For backward compatibility
289 check_gcc = $(warning check_gcc is deprecated - use cc-option) \
290 $(call cc-option, $(1),$(2))
293 # Usage: flag := $(call cc-option-yn, -march=winchip-c6)
294 cc-option-yn = $(shell if $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(1) -S -o /dev/null -xc /dev/null \
295 > /dev/null 2>&1; then echo "y"; else echo "n"; fi;)
298 # Prefix align with either -falign or -malign
299 cc-option-align = $(subst -functions=0,,\
300 $(call cc-option,-falign-functions=0,-malign-functions=0))
303 # Usage gcc-ver := $(call cc-version $(CC))
304 cc-version = $(shell $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/gcc-version.sh \
305 $(if $(1), $(1), $(CC)))
308 # Look for make include files relative to root of kernel src
309 MAKEFLAGS += --include-dir=$(srctree)
311 # We need some generic definitions
312 include $(srctree)/scripts/Kbuild.include
314 # For maximum performance (+ possibly random breakage, uncomment
319 # Make variables (CC, etc...)
321 AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as
322 LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
323 CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
325 AR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar
326 NM = $(CROSS_COMPILE)nm
327 STRIP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)strip
328 OBJCOPY = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy
329 OBJDUMP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump
331 GENKSYMS = scripts/genksyms/genksyms
332 DEPMOD = /sbin/depmod
333 KALLSYMS = scripts/kallsyms
337 CHECKFLAGS := -D__linux__ -Dlinux -D__STDC__ -Dunix -D__unix__
339 CFLAGS_MODULE = $(MODFLAGS)
340 AFLAGS_MODULE = $(MODFLAGS)
346 # Use LINUXINCLUDE when you must reference the include/ directory.
347 # Needed to be compatible with the O= option
348 LINUXINCLUDE := -Iinclude \
349 $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),-Iinclude2 -I$(srctree)/include)
351 CPPFLAGS := -D__KERNEL__ $(LINUXINCLUDE)
353 CFLAGS := -Wall -Wundef -Wstrict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs \
354 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common \
356 AFLAGS := -D__ASSEMBLY__
358 export VERSION PATCHLEVEL SUBLEVEL EXTRAVERSION LOCALVERSION KERNELRELEASE \
359 ARCH CONFIG_SHELL HOSTCC HOSTCFLAGS CROSS_COMPILE AS LD CC \
360 CPP AR NM STRIP OBJCOPY OBJDUMP MAKE AWK GENKSYMS PERL UTS_MACHINE \
361 HOSTCXX HOSTCXXFLAGS LDFLAGS_MODULE CHECK CHECKFLAGS
363 export CPPFLAGS NOSTDINC_FLAGS LINUXINCLUDE OBJCOPYFLAGS LDFLAGS
364 export CFLAGS CFLAGS_KERNEL CFLAGS_MODULE
365 export AFLAGS AFLAGS_KERNEL AFLAGS_MODULE
367 # When compiling out-of-tree modules, put MODVERDIR in the module
368 # tree rather than in the kernel tree. The kernel tree might
370 export MODVERDIR := $(if $(KBUILD_EXTMOD),$(firstword $(KBUILD_EXTMOD))/).tmp_versions
372 # Files to ignore in find ... statements
374 RCS_FIND_IGNORE := \( -name SCCS -o -name BitKeeper -o -name .svn -o -name CVS -o -name .pc \) -prune -o
375 RCS_TAR_IGNORE := --exclude SCCS --exclude BitKeeper --exclude .svn --exclude CVS --exclude .pc
377 # ===========================================================================
378 # Rules shared between *config targets and build targets
380 # Basic helpers built in scripts/
381 .PHONY: scripts_basic
383 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/basic
385 .PHONY: outputmakefile
386 # outputmakefile generate a Makefile to be placed in output directory, if
387 # using a seperate output directory. This allows convinient use
388 # of make in output directory
390 $(Q)if test ! $(srctree) -ef $(objtree); then \
391 $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/mkmakefile \
392 $(srctree) $(objtree) $(VERSION) $(PATCHLEVEL) \
393 > $(objtree)/Makefile; \
394 echo ' GEN $(objtree)/Makefile'; \
397 # To make sure we do not include .config for any of the *config targets
398 # catch them early, and hand them over to scripts/kconfig/Makefile
399 # It is allowed to specify more targets when calling make, including
400 # mixing *config targets and build targets.
401 # For example 'make oldconfig all'.
402 # Detect when mixed targets is specified, and make a second invocation
403 # of make so .config is not included in this case either (for *config).
405 no-dot-config-targets := clean mrproper distclean \
406 cscope TAGS tags help %docs check%
412 ifneq ($(filter $(no-dot-config-targets), $(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
413 ifeq ($(filter-out $(no-dot-config-targets), $(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
418 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
419 ifneq ($(filter config %config,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
421 ifneq ($(filter-out config %config,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
427 ifeq ($(mixed-targets),1)
428 # ===========================================================================
429 # We're called with mixed targets (*config and build targets).
430 # Handle them one by one.
433 $(Q)$(MAKE) -C $(srctree) KBUILD_SRC= $@
436 ifeq ($(config-targets),1)
437 # ===========================================================================
438 # *config targets only - make sure prerequisites are updated, and descend
439 # in scripts/kconfig to make the *config target
441 # Read arch specific Makefile to set KBUILD_DEFCONFIG as needed.
442 # KBUILD_DEFCONFIG may point out an alternative default configuration
443 # used for 'make defconfig'
444 include $(srctree)/arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile
445 export KBUILD_DEFCONFIG
447 config: scripts_basic outputmakefile FORCE
448 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/kconfig $@
449 %config: scripts_basic outputmakefile FORCE
450 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/kconfig $@
453 # ===========================================================================
454 # Build targets only - this includes vmlinux, arch specific targets, clean
455 # targets and others. In general all targets except *config targets.
457 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
458 # Additional helpers built in scripts/
459 # Carefully list dependencies so we do not try to build scripts twice
462 scripts: scripts_basic include/config/MARKER
463 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@)
465 scripts_basic: include/linux/autoconf.h
467 # Objects we will link into vmlinux / subdirs we need to visit
469 drivers-y := drivers/ sound/
473 endif # KBUILD_EXTMOD
475 ifeq ($(dot-config),1)
476 # In this section, we need .config
478 # Read in dependencies to all Kconfig* files, make sure to run
479 # oldconfig if changes are detected.
484 # If .config needs to be updated, it will be done via the dependency
485 # that autoconf has on .config.
486 # To avoid any implicit rule to kick in, define an empty command
489 # If .config is newer than include/linux/autoconf.h, someone tinkered
490 # with it and forgot to run make oldconfig
491 include/linux/autoconf.h: .config
492 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Makefile silentoldconfig
494 # Dummy target needed, because used as prerequisite
495 include/linux/autoconf.h: ;
498 # The all: target is the default when no target is given on the
500 # This allow a user to issue only 'make' to build a kernel including modules
501 # Defaults vmlinux but it is usually overriden in the arch makefile
504 ifdef CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE
510 #Add align options if CONFIG_CC_* is not equal to 0
511 add-align = $(if $(filter-out 0,$($(1))),$(cc-option-align)$(2)=$($(1)))
512 CFLAGS += $(call add-align,CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_FUNCTIONS,-functions)
513 CFLAGS += $(call add-align,CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_LABELS,-labels)
514 CFLAGS += $(call add-align,CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_LOOPS,-loops)
515 CFLAGS += $(call add-align,CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_JUMPS,-jumps)
517 ifdef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER
518 CFLAGS += -fno-omit-frame-pointer $(call cc-option,-fno-optimize-sibling-calls,)
520 CFLAGS += -fomit-frame-pointer
523 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO
527 include $(srctree)/arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile
529 # arch Makefile may override CC so keep this after arch Makefile is included
530 NOSTDINC_FLAGS += -nostdinc -isystem $(shell $(CC) -print-file-name=include)
531 CHECKFLAGS += $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS)
533 # warn about C99 declaration after statement
534 CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-Wdeclaration-after-statement,)
536 # disable pointer signedness warnings in gcc 4.0
537 CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-Wno-pointer-sign,)
539 # Default kernel image to build when no specific target is given.
540 # KBUILD_IMAGE may be overruled on the commandline or
541 # set in the environment
542 # Also any assignments in arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile take precedence over
544 export KBUILD_IMAGE ?= vmlinux
547 # INSTALL_PATH specifies where to place the updated kernel and system map
548 # images. Default is /boot, but you can set it to other values
549 export INSTALL_PATH ?= /boot
552 # INSTALL_MOD_PATH specifies a prefix to MODLIB for module directory
553 # relocations required by build roots. This is not defined in the
554 # makefile but the arguement can be passed to make if needed.
557 MODLIB := $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/modules/$(KERNELRELEASE)
561 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
562 core-y += kernel/ mm/ fs/ ipc/ security/ crypto/
564 vmlinux-dirs := $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, $(init-y) $(init-m) \
565 $(core-y) $(core-m) $(drivers-y) $(drivers-m) \
566 $(net-y) $(net-m) $(libs-y) $(libs-m)))
568 vmlinux-alldirs := $(sort $(vmlinux-dirs) $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, \
570 $(core-n) $(core-) $(drivers-n) $(drivers-) \
571 $(net-n) $(net-) $(libs-n) $(libs-))))
573 init-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(init-y))
574 core-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(core-y))
575 drivers-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(drivers-y))
576 net-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(net-y))
577 libs-y1 := $(patsubst %/, %/lib.a, $(libs-y))
578 libs-y2 := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(libs-y))
579 libs-y := $(libs-y1) $(libs-y2)
582 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
583 # vmlinux is build from the objects selected by $(vmlinux-init) and
584 # $(vmlinux-main). Most are built-in.o files from top-level directories
585 # in the kernel tree, others are specified in arch/$(ARCH)Makefile.
586 # Ordering when linking is important, and $(vmlinux-init) must be first.
591 # +-< $(vmlinux-init)
592 # | +--< init/version.o + more
594 # +--< $(vmlinux-main)
595 # | +--< driver/built-in.o mm/built-in.o + more
597 # +-< kallsyms.o (see description in CONFIG_KALLSYMS section)
599 # vmlinux version (uname -v) cannot be updated during normal
600 # descending-into-subdirs phase since we do not yet know if we need to
602 # Therefore this step is delayed until just before final link of vmlinux -
603 # except in the kallsyms case where it is done just before adding the
604 # symbols to the kernel.
606 # System.map is generated to document addresses of all kernel symbols
608 vmlinux-init := $(head-y) $(init-y)
609 vmlinux-main := $(core-y) $(libs-y) $(drivers-y) $(net-y)
610 vmlinux-all := $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main)
611 vmlinux-lds := arch/$(ARCH)/kernel/vmlinux.lds
613 # Rule to link vmlinux - also used during CONFIG_KALLSYMS
614 # May be overridden by arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile
615 quiet_cmd_vmlinux__ ?= LD $@
616 cmd_vmlinux__ ?= $(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS_vmlinux) -o $@ \
617 -T $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-init) \
618 --start-group $(vmlinux-main) --end-group \
619 $(filter-out $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main) FORCE ,$^)
621 # Generate new vmlinux version
622 quiet_cmd_vmlinux_version = GEN .version
623 cmd_vmlinux_version = set -e; \
624 . $(srctree)/scripts/mkversion > .tmp_version; \
625 mv -f .tmp_version .version; \
626 $(MAKE) $(build)=init
628 # Generate System.map
629 quiet_cmd_sysmap = SYSMAP
630 cmd_sysmap = $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/mksysmap
633 # If CONFIG_KALLSYMS is set .version is already updated
634 # Generate System.map and verify that the content is consistent
636 define rule_vmlinux__
637 $(if $(CONFIG_KALLSYMS),,+$(call cmd,vmlinux_version))
639 $(call cmd,vmlinux__)
640 $(Q)echo 'cmd_$@ := $(cmd_vmlinux__)' > $(@D)/.$(@F).cmd
642 $(Q)$(if $($(quiet)cmd_sysmap), \
643 echo ' $($(quiet)cmd_sysmap) System.map' &&) \
644 $(cmd_sysmap) $@ System.map; \
645 if [ $$? -ne 0 ]; then \
653 ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
654 # Generate section listing all symbols and add it into vmlinux $(kallsyms.o)
655 # It's a three stage process:
656 # o .tmp_vmlinux1 has all symbols and sections, but __kallsyms is
658 # Running kallsyms on that gives us .tmp_kallsyms1.o with
659 # the right size - vmlinux version (uname -v) is updated during this step
660 # o .tmp_vmlinux2 now has a __kallsyms section of the right size,
661 # but due to the added section, some addresses have shifted.
662 # From here, we generate a correct .tmp_kallsyms2.o
663 # o The correct .tmp_kallsyms2.o is linked into the final vmlinux.
664 # o Verify that the System.map from vmlinux matches the map from
665 # .tmp_vmlinux2, just in case we did not generate kallsyms correctly.
666 # o If CONFIG_KALLSYMS_EXTRA_PASS is set, do an extra pass using
667 # .tmp_vmlinux3 and .tmp_kallsyms3.o. This is only meant as a
668 # temporary bypass to allow the kernel to be built while the
669 # maintainers work out what went wrong with kallsyms.
671 ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS_EXTRA_PASS
677 kallsyms.o := .tmp_kallsyms$(last_kallsyms).o
679 define verify_kallsyms
680 $(Q)$(if $($(quiet)cmd_sysmap), \
681 echo ' $($(quiet)cmd_sysmap) .tmp_System.map' &&) \
682 $(cmd_sysmap) .tmp_vmlinux$(last_kallsyms) .tmp_System.map
683 $(Q)cmp -s System.map .tmp_System.map || \
684 (echo Inconsistent kallsyms data; \
685 echo Try setting CONFIG_KALLSYMS_EXTRA_PASS; \
686 rm .tmp_kallsyms* ; /bin/false )
689 # Update vmlinux version before link
690 # Use + in front of this rule to silent warning about make -j1
691 cmd_ksym_ld = $(cmd_vmlinux__)
693 +$(call cmd,vmlinux_version)
694 $(call cmd,vmlinux__)
695 $(Q)echo 'cmd_$@ := $(cmd_vmlinux__)' > $(@D)/.$(@F).cmd
698 # Generate .S file with all kernel symbols
699 quiet_cmd_kallsyms = KSYM $@
700 cmd_kallsyms = $(NM) -n $< | $(KALLSYMS) \
701 $(if $(CONFIG_KALLSYMS_ALL),--all-symbols) > $@
703 .tmp_kallsyms1.o .tmp_kallsyms2.o .tmp_kallsyms3.o: %.o: %.S scripts FORCE
704 $(call if_changed_dep,as_o_S)
706 .tmp_kallsyms%.S: .tmp_vmlinux% $(KALLSYMS)
709 # .tmp_vmlinux1 must be complete except kallsyms, so update vmlinux version
710 .tmp_vmlinux1: $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-all) FORCE
711 $(call if_changed_rule,ksym_ld)
713 .tmp_vmlinux2: $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-all) .tmp_kallsyms1.o FORCE
714 $(call if_changed,vmlinux__)
716 .tmp_vmlinux3: $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-all) .tmp_kallsyms2.o FORCE
717 $(call if_changed,vmlinux__)
719 # Needs to visit scripts/ before $(KALLSYMS) can be used.
720 $(KALLSYMS): scripts ;
722 # Generate some data for debugging strange kallsyms problems
723 debug_kallsyms: .tmp_map$(last_kallsyms)
725 .tmp_map%: .tmp_vmlinux% FORCE
726 ($(OBJDUMP) -h $< | $(AWK) '/^ +[0-9]/{print $$4 " 0 " $$2}'; $(NM) $<) | sort > $@
732 endif # ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
734 # vmlinux image - including updated kernel symbols
735 vmlinux: $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main) $(kallsyms.o) FORCE
736 $(call if_changed_rule,vmlinux__)
738 # The actual objects are generated when descending,
739 # make sure no implicit rule kicks in
740 $(sort $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main)) $(vmlinux-lds): $(vmlinux-dirs) ;
742 # Handle descending into subdirectories listed in $(vmlinux-dirs)
743 # Preset locale variables to speed up the build process. Limit locale
744 # tweaks to this spot to avoid wrong language settings when running
745 # make menuconfig etc.
746 # Error messages still appears in the original language
748 .PHONY: $(vmlinux-dirs)
749 $(vmlinux-dirs): prepare-all scripts
750 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$@
752 # Things we need to do before we recursively start building the kernel
753 # or the modules are listed in "prepare-all".
754 # A multi level approach is used. prepare1 is updated first, then prepare0.
755 # prepare-all is the collection point for the prepare targets.
757 .PHONY: prepare-all prepare prepare0 prepare1 prepare2
759 # prepare2 is used to check if we are building in a separate output directory,
761 # 1) Check that make has not been executed in the kernel src $(srctree)
762 # 2) Create the include2 directory, used for the second asm symlink
765 ifneq ($(KBUILD_SRC),)
766 @echo ' Using $(srctree) as source for kernel'
767 $(Q)if [ -f $(srctree)/.config ]; then \
768 echo " $(srctree) is not clean, please run 'make mrproper'";\
769 echo " in the '$(srctree)' directory.";\
772 $(Q)if [ ! -d include2 ]; then mkdir -p include2; fi;
773 $(Q)ln -fsn $(srctree)/include/asm-$(ARCH) include2/asm
776 # prepare1 creates a makefile if using a separate output directory
777 prepare1: prepare2 outputmakefile
779 prepare0: prepare1 include/linux/version.h include/asm \
780 include/config/MARKER
781 ifneq ($(KBUILD_MODULES),)
782 $(Q)rm -rf $(MODVERDIR)
783 $(Q)mkdir -p $(MODVERDIR)
786 # All the preparing..
787 prepare-all: prepare0 prepare
789 # Leave this as default for preprocessing vmlinux.lds.S, which is now
790 # done in arch/$(ARCH)/kernel/Makefile
792 export CPPFLAGS_vmlinux.lds += -P -C -U$(ARCH)
795 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
797 %.s: %.c scripts FORCE
798 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
799 %.i: %.c scripts FORCE
800 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
801 %.o: %.c scripts FORCE
802 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
804 $(Q)$(MAKE) KBUILD_MODULES=$(if $(CONFIG_MODULES),1) $(build)=$(@D) $(@:.ko=.o)
805 $(Q)$(MAKE) -rR -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modpost
806 %/: scripts prepare FORCE
807 $(Q)$(MAKE) KBUILD_MODULES=$(if $(CONFIG_MODULES),1) $(build)=$(@D)
808 %.lst: %.c scripts FORCE
809 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
810 %.s: %.S scripts FORCE
811 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
812 %.o: %.S scripts FORCE
813 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
815 # FIXME: The asm symlink changes when $(ARCH) changes. That's
816 # hard to detect, but I suppose "make mrproper" is a good idea
817 # before switching between archs anyway.
820 @echo ' SYMLINK $@ -> include/asm-$(ARCH)'
821 $(Q)if [ ! -d include ]; then mkdir -p include; fi;
822 @ln -fsn asm-$(ARCH) $@
824 # Split autoconf.h into include/linux/config/*
826 include/config/MARKER: include/linux/autoconf.h
827 @echo ' SPLIT include/linux/autoconf.h -> include/config/*'
828 @scripts/basic/split-include include/linux/autoconf.h include/config
831 # Generate some files
832 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
834 # KERNELRELEASE can change from a few different places, meaning version.h
835 # needs to be updated, so this check is forced on all builds
839 define filechk_version.h
840 if [ `echo -n "$(KERNELRELEASE)" | wc -c ` -gt $(uts_len) ]; then \
841 echo '"$(KERNELRELEASE)" exceeds $(uts_len) characters' >&2; \
844 (echo \#define UTS_RELEASE \"$(KERNELRELEASE)\"; \
845 echo \#define LINUX_VERSION_CODE `expr $(VERSION) \\* 65536 + $(PATCHLEVEL) \\* 256 + $(SUBLEVEL)`; \
846 echo '#define KERNEL_VERSION(a,b,c) (((a) << 16) + ((b) << 8) + (c))'; \
850 include/linux/version.h: $(srctree)/Makefile FORCE
851 $(call filechk,version.h)
853 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
857 @echo '*** Warning: make $@ is unnecessary now.'
859 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
864 # By default, build modules as well
871 modules: $(vmlinux-dirs) $(if $(KBUILD_BUILTIN),vmlinux)
872 @echo ' Building modules, stage 2.';
873 $(Q)$(MAKE) -rR -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modpost
876 # Target to prepare building external modules
877 .PHONY: modules_prepare
878 modules_prepare: prepare-all scripts
880 # Target to install modules
881 .PHONY: modules_install
882 modules_install: _modinst_ _modinst_post
886 @if [ -z "`$(DEPMOD) -V 2>/dev/null | grep module-init-tools`" ]; then \
887 echo "Warning: you may need to install module-init-tools"; \
888 echo "See http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/docs/post-halloween-2.6.txt";\
891 @rm -rf $(MODLIB)/kernel
892 @rm -f $(MODLIB)/source
893 @mkdir -p $(MODLIB)/kernel
894 @ln -s $(srctree) $(MODLIB)/source
895 @if [ ! $(objtree) -ef $(MODLIB)/build ]; then \
896 rm -f $(MODLIB)/build ; \
897 ln -s $(objtree) $(MODLIB)/build ; \
899 $(Q)$(MAKE) -rR -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modinst
901 # If System.map exists, run depmod. This deliberately does not have a
902 # dependency on System.map since that would run the dependency tree on
903 # vmlinux. This depmod is only for convenience to give the initial
904 # boot a modules.dep even before / is mounted read-write. However the
905 # boot script depmod is the master version.
906 ifeq "$(strip $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH))" ""
909 depmod_opts := -b $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH) -r
911 .PHONY: _modinst_post
912 _modinst_post: _modinst_
913 if [ -r System.map -a -x $(DEPMOD) ]; then $(DEPMOD) -ae -F System.map $(depmod_opts) $(KERNELRELEASE); fi
915 else # CONFIG_MODULES
917 # Modules not configured
918 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
920 modules modules_install: FORCE
922 @echo "The present kernel configuration has modules disabled."
923 @echo "Type 'make config' and enable loadable module support."
924 @echo "Then build a kernel with module support enabled."
928 endif # CONFIG_MODULES
930 # Generate asm-offsets.h
931 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
933 define filechk_gen-asm-offsets
935 echo "#ifndef __ASM_OFFSETS_H__"; \
936 echo "#define __ASM_OFFSETS_H__"; \
938 echo " * DO NOT MODIFY."; \
940 echo " * This file was generated by arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile"; \
944 sed -ne "/^->/{s:^->\([^ ]*\) [\$$#]*\([^ ]*\) \(.*\):#define \1 \2 /* \3 */:; s:->::; p;}"; \
951 # Cleaning is done on three levels.
952 # make clean Delete most generated files
953 # Leave enough to build external modules
954 # make mrproper Delete the current configuration, and all generated files
955 # make distclean Remove editor backup files, patch leftover files and the like
957 # Directories & files removed with 'make clean'
958 CLEAN_DIRS += $(MODVERDIR)
959 CLEAN_FILES += vmlinux System.map \
960 .tmp_kallsyms* .tmp_version .tmp_vmlinux* .tmp_System.map
962 # Directories & files removed with 'make mrproper'
963 MRPROPER_DIRS += include/config include2
964 MRPROPER_FILES += .config .config.old include/asm .version \
965 include/linux/autoconf.h include/linux/version.h \
966 Module.symvers tags TAGS cscope*
968 # clean - Delete most, but leave enough to build external modules
970 clean: rm-dirs := $(CLEAN_DIRS)
971 clean: rm-files := $(CLEAN_FILES)
972 clean-dirs := $(addprefix _clean_,$(vmlinux-alldirs))
974 .PHONY: $(clean-dirs) clean archclean
976 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=$(patsubst _clean_%,%,$@)
978 clean: archclean $(clean-dirs)
981 @find . $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
982 \( -name '*.[oas]' -o -name '*.ko' -o -name '.*.cmd' \
983 -o -name '.*.d' -o -name '.*.tmp' -o -name '*.mod.c' \) \
984 -type f -print | xargs rm -f
986 # mrproper - Delete all generated files, including .config
988 mrproper: rm-dirs := $(wildcard $(MRPROPER_DIRS))
989 mrproper: rm-files := $(wildcard $(MRPROPER_FILES))
990 mrproper-dirs := $(addprefix _mrproper_,Documentation/DocBook scripts)
992 .PHONY: $(mrproper-dirs) mrproper archmrproper
994 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=$(patsubst _mrproper_%,%,$@)
996 mrproper: clean archmrproper $(mrproper-dirs)
1005 @find $(srctree) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1006 \( -name '*.orig' -o -name '*.rej' -o -name '*~' \
1007 -o -name '*.bak' -o -name '#*#' -o -name '.*.orig' \
1008 -o -name '.*.rej' -o -size 0 \
1009 -o -name '*%' -o -name '.*.cmd' -o -name 'core' \) \
1010 -type f -print | xargs rm -f
1013 # Packaging of the kernel to various formats
1014 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1015 # rpm target kept for backward compatibility
1016 package-dir := $(srctree)/scripts/package
1021 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(package-dir)/Makefile $@
1023 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(package-dir)/Makefile $@
1026 # Brief documentation of the typical targets used
1027 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1029 boards := $(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(ARCH)/configs/*_defconfig)
1030 boards := $(notdir $(boards))
1033 @echo 'Cleaning targets:'
1034 @echo ' clean - remove most generated files but keep the config'
1035 @echo ' mrproper - remove all generated files + config + various backup files'
1037 @echo 'Configuration targets:'
1038 @$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/kconfig/Makefile help
1040 @echo 'Other generic targets:'
1041 @echo ' all - Build all targets marked with [*]'
1042 @echo '* vmlinux - Build the bare kernel'
1043 @echo '* modules - Build all modules'
1044 @echo ' modules_install - Install all modules'
1045 @echo ' dir/ - Build all files in dir and below'
1046 @echo ' dir/file.[ois] - Build specified target only'
1047 @echo ' dir/file.ko - Build module including final link'
1048 @echo ' rpm - Build a kernel as an RPM package'
1049 @echo ' tags/TAGS - Generate tags file for editors'
1050 @echo ' cscope - Generate cscope index'
1052 @echo 'Static analysers'
1053 @echo ' buildcheck - List dangling references to vmlinux discarded sections'
1054 @echo ' and init sections from non-init sections'
1055 @echo ' checkstack - Generate a list of stack hogs'
1056 @echo ' namespacecheck - Name space analysis on compiled kernel'
1058 @echo 'Kernel packaging:'
1059 @$(MAKE) -f $(package-dir)/Makefile help
1061 @echo 'Documentation targets:'
1062 @$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile dochelp
1064 @echo 'Architecture specific targets ($(ARCH)):'
1065 @$(if $(archhelp),$(archhelp),\
1066 echo ' No architecture specific help defined for $(ARCH)')
1069 $(foreach b, $(boards), \
1070 printf " %-24s - Build for %s\\n" $(b) $(subst _defconfig,,$(b));) \
1073 @echo ' make V=0|1 [targets] 0 => quiet build (default), 1 => verbose build'
1074 @echo ' make O=dir [targets] Locate all output files in "dir", including .config'
1075 @echo ' make C=1 [targets] Check all c source with $$CHECK (sparse)'
1076 @echo ' make C=2 [targets] Force check of all c source with $$CHECK (sparse)'
1078 @echo 'Execute "make" or "make all" to build all targets marked with [*] '
1079 @echo 'For further info see the ./README file'
1082 # Documentation targets
1083 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1084 %docs: scripts_basic FORCE
1085 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=Documentation/DocBook $@
1087 else # KBUILD_EXTMOD
1090 # External module support.
1091 # When building external modules the kernel used as basis is considered
1092 # read-only, and no consistency checks are made and the make
1093 # system is not used on the basis kernel. If updates are required
1094 # in the basis kernel ordinary make commands (without M=...) must
1097 # The following are the only valid targets when building external
1099 # make M=dir clean Delete all automatically generated files
1100 # make M=dir modules Make all modules in specified dir
1101 # make M=dir Same as 'make M=dir modules'
1102 # make M=dir modules_install
1103 # Install the modules build in the module directory
1104 # Assumes install directory is already created
1106 # We are always building modules
1110 $(Q)mkdir -p $(MODVERDIR)
1112 .PHONY: $(objtree)/Module.symvers
1113 $(objtree)/Module.symvers:
1114 @test -e $(objtree)/Module.symvers || ( \
1116 echo " WARNING: Symbol version dump $(objtree)/Module.symvers"; \
1117 echo " is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions."; \
1120 module-dirs := $(addprefix _module_,$(KBUILD_EXTMOD))
1121 .PHONY: $(module-dirs) modules
1122 $(module-dirs): crmodverdir $(objtree)/Module.symvers
1123 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(patsubst _module_%,%,$@)
1125 modules: $(module-dirs)
1126 @echo ' Building modules, stage 2.';
1127 $(Q)$(MAKE) -rR -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modpost
1129 .PHONY: modules_install
1131 $(Q)$(MAKE) -rR -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modinst
1133 clean-dirs := $(addprefix _clean_,$(KBUILD_EXTMOD))
1135 .PHONY: $(clean-dirs) clean
1137 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=$(patsubst _clean_%,%,$@)
1139 clean: rm-dirs := $(MODVERDIR)
1140 clean: $(clean-dirs)
1142 @find $(KBUILD_EXTMOD) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1143 \( -name '*.[oas]' -o -name '*.ko' -o -name '.*.cmd' \
1144 -o -name '.*.d' -o -name '.*.tmp' -o -name '*.mod.c' \) \
1145 -type f -print | xargs rm -f
1148 @echo ' Building external modules.'
1149 @echo ' Syntax: make -C path/to/kernel/src M=$$PWD target'
1151 @echo ' modules - default target, build the module(s)'
1152 @echo ' modules_install - install the module'
1153 @echo ' clean - remove generated files in module directory only'
1155 endif # KBUILD_EXTMOD
1157 # Generate tags for editors
1158 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1160 #We want __srctree to totally vanish out when KBUILD_OUTPUT is not set
1161 #(which is the most common case IMHO) to avoid unneeded clutter in the big tags file.
1162 #Adding $(srctree) adds about 20M on i386 to the size of the output file!
1164 ifeq ($(src),$(obj))
1167 __srctree = $(srctree)/
1170 ALLSOURCE_ARCHS := $(ARCH)
1173 ( find $(__srctree) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1174 \( -name include -o -name arch \) -prune -o \
1175 -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1176 for ARCH in $(ALLSOURCE_ARCHS) ; do \
1177 find $(__srctree)arch/$${ARCH} $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1178 -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1180 find $(__srctree)security/selinux/include $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1181 -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1182 find $(__srctree)include $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1183 \( -name config -o -name 'asm-*' \) -prune \
1184 -o -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1185 for ARCH in $(ALLSOURCE_ARCHS) ; do \
1186 find $(__srctree)include/asm-$${ARCH} $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1187 -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1189 find $(__srctree)include/asm-generic $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1190 -name '*.[chS]' -print )
1193 quiet_cmd_cscope-file = FILELST cscope.files
1194 cmd_cscope-file = (echo \-k; echo \-q; $(all-sources)) > cscope.files
1196 quiet_cmd_cscope = MAKE cscope.out
1197 cmd_cscope = cscope -b
1200 $(call cmd,cscope-file)
1203 quiet_cmd_TAGS = MAKE $@
1204 cmd_TAGS = $(all-sources) | etags -
1206 # Exuberant ctags works better with -I
1208 quiet_cmd_tags = MAKE $@
1211 CTAGSF=`ctags --version | grep -i exuberant >/dev/null && echo "-I __initdata,__exitdata,EXPORT_SYMBOL,EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL --extra=+f"`; \
1212 $(all-sources) | xargs ctags $$CTAGSF -a
1222 # Scripts to check various things for consistency
1223 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1226 find * $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1227 -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print | sort \
1228 | xargs $(PERL) -w scripts/checkconfig.pl
1231 find * $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1232 -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print | sort \
1233 | xargs $(PERL) -w scripts/checkincludes.pl
1236 find * $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1237 -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print | sort \
1238 | xargs $(PERL) -w scripts/checkversion.pl
1241 $(PERL) $(srctree)/scripts/reference_discarded.pl
1242 $(PERL) $(srctree)/scripts/reference_init.pl
1245 $(PERL) $(srctree)/scripts/namespace.pl
1247 endif #ifeq ($(config-targets),1)
1248 endif #ifeq ($(mixed-targets),1)
1252 $(OBJDUMP) -d vmlinux $$(find . -name '*.ko') | \
1253 $(PERL) $(src)/scripts/checkstack.pl $(ARCH)
1256 @echo $(KERNELRELEASE)
1258 # FIXME Should go into a make.lib or something
1259 # ===========================================================================
1261 quiet_cmd_rmdirs = $(if $(wildcard $(rm-dirs)),CLEAN $(wildcard $(rm-dirs)))
1262 cmd_rmdirs = rm -rf $(rm-dirs)
1264 quiet_cmd_rmfiles = $(if $(wildcard $(rm-files)),CLEAN $(wildcard $(rm-files)))
1265 cmd_rmfiles = rm -f $(rm-files)
1268 a_flags = -Wp,-MD,$(depfile) $(AFLAGS) $(AFLAGS_KERNEL) \
1269 $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) \
1270 $(modkern_aflags) $(EXTRA_AFLAGS) $(AFLAGS_$(*F).o)
1272 quiet_cmd_as_o_S = AS $@
1273 cmd_as_o_S = $(CC) $(a_flags) -c -o $@ $<
1275 # read all saved command lines
1277 targets := $(wildcard $(sort $(targets)))
1278 cmd_files := $(wildcard .*.cmd $(foreach f,$(targets),$(dir $(f)).$(notdir $(f)).cmd))
1280 ifneq ($(cmd_files),)
1281 $(cmd_files): ; # Do not try to update included dependency files
1282 include $(cmd_files)
1285 # Shorthand for $(Q)$(MAKE) -f scripts/Makefile.clean obj=dir
1287 # $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=dir
1288 clean := -f $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),$(srctree)/)scripts/Makefile.clean obj
1290 endif # skip-makefile